Insights
News and articles on EU fintech topics — licensing, AML, payments, reporting for operators.
Balance of payments reporting Ireland — CSO and CRS2
Balance of payments reporting in Ireland: the CSO and Central Bank split, the CRS2 quarterly return, and the BOP survey codes for…
ITA — telematic file exchange with the Banco de España
ITA, Instrucción Externa 2005.24: the four Banco de España file channels — ITW, EDITRAN, FileAct, signed e-mail — enrolment per process, and…
CRBOT — Ireland’s trust beneficial ownership register
CRBOT: the two duties S.I. 194/2021 puts on a designated person — check the register before onboarding a trust, then file a…
STR Ireland — goAML, ROS and section 42 CJA 2010
STR Ireland: section 42 of the CJA 2010 requires dual filing — goAML to FIU Ireland and ROS to Revenue — plus…
COSI TRACFIN — France’s systematic reporting duties
COSI TRACFIN: the two systematic information communications under Article L. 561-15-1 — €1,000/€2,000 on remittance, €10,000 on cash, thirty days, and ERMES.
NBB periodic AML questionnaire — Belgium’s OneGate return
NBB periodic AML questionnaire: Circular NBB_2026_02, the OneGate forms, the 15 May deadline and the new AMLA eligibility form under Article 12.
Risk Evaluation Questionnaire (REQ) — Ireland’s AML return
Risk Evaluation Questionnaire: the Central Bank of Ireland REQ for payment and e-money firms — XSD-validated XML, the Portal, and a hard…
FSPO Ireland — complaints, time limits and binding decisions
FSPO Ireland: the ombudsman's binding decisions and €500,000 limit, the six-year time limit, and the complaint clocks under the Consumer Protection Code…
Ombudsfin: Belgian financial complaints and the 2026 reform
Ombudsfin: how Belgian financial complaints work after the Law of 11 December 2025 — mandatory affiliation, the 90-day clock and what the…
RBO Ireland — filing, Tier Two access and discrepancies
RBO Ireland: the five-month filing deadline, the 14-day change clock, PPSN hashing and Form BEN2, Tier Two designated-person access and discrepancy notices.