EBA
European Banking Authority
Designated payment system — what designation means
Designated payment system under Directive 98/26/EC: the three-participant test, ESMA notification, who counts as an institution, and the PSD2 carve-out.
Settlement finality — what the directive actually does
Settlement finality under Directive 98/26/EC: the three moments, and why PIs and EMIs became SFD "institutions" able to join designated systems in…
Agent vs distributor — the line EMIs keep crossing
Agent vs distributor: PSD2 Article 19 agents, EMD2 Article 3(4) distributors, and the rule that an EMI may never issue electronic money…
Payment account — the PSD2 definition and its edges
Payment account under PSD2 Article 4(12): the two-part definition, why the label on the product does not decide it, and what turns…
Safeguarding account — the two PSD2 methods
Safeguarding account under PSD2 Article 10: the segregation method and its end-of-next-business-day deadline, the insurance method, and mixed-use funds.
AML record retention — what to keep, and how long
AML record retention under AMLR articles 77 and 78: the four record classes, the five-year clock from relationship end, and the no-redaction…
Tipping-off — the prohibition and its exceptions
Tipping-off under AMLR Article 73: what you cannot disclose, who is bound, the group and same-transaction exceptions, and scripts for blocked accounts.
Ongoing monitoring — the AMLR Article 26 duty
Ongoing monitoring under AMLR Article 26: keeping customer data current, covering every product in a relationship, and the group-information duty.
Source of funds vs source of wealth — the difference
Source of funds vs source of wealth: what each question asks, the three AMLR routes into the obligation, and what evidence actually…
Enhanced due diligence — when EDD is mandatory
Enhanced due diligence under AMLR Article 34: the four transaction triggers, the mandatory EDD cases, and how EDD differs from higher-risk scoring.